{"id":6160,"date":"2024-08-17T10:09:46","date_gmt":"2024-08-17T02:09:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/?p=6160"},"modified":"2024-08-17T10:09:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-17T02:09:46","slug":"%e5%93%aa%e5%80%8b%e7%b6%b2%e5%b7%a5%e5%a4%aa%e9%96%92%e4%ba%86%ef%bc%8c%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86%e4%ba%86%e9%80%99%e4%bb%bd%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e5%9f%ba%e7%a4%8e%ef%bc%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/killtest\/%e5%93%aa%e5%80%8b%e7%b6%b2%e5%b7%a5%e5%a4%aa%e9%96%92%e4%ba%86%ef%bc%8c%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86%e4%ba%86%e9%80%99%e4%bb%bd%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e5%9f%ba%e7%a4%8e%ef%bc%81\/","title":{"rendered":"\u54ea\u500b\u7db2\u5de5\u592a\u9592\u4e86\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u9019\u4efd\u7db2\u8def\u57fa\u790e\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u901a\u4fe1\u5f31\u96fb\u4ea4\u6d41\u5b78\u7fd2<br \/>\n01.ip\u4f4d\u5740<\/p>\n<p>1.1 ip \u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f ip \u4f4d\u5740\u5206\u985e?<\/p>\n<p>ip \u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4f86\u6a19\u8b58\u4e00\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ip \u4f4d\u5740\u5206\u985e\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>A \u985e 1-126<\/p>\n<p>B \u985e 128-191<\/p>\n<p>C \u985e 192-223<\/p>\n<p>D \u985e 224-239(\u79d1\u7814)<\/p>\n<p>E \u985e\u5225 240-254(\u7d44\u64ad)<\/p>\n<p>1.2. \u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u906e\u7f69\u7684\u4f5c\u7528?\u9810\u8a2d A B C \u985e\u5225\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u906e\u7f69?<\/p>\n<p>\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u906e\u7f69\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4f86\u6a19\u8b58 ip \u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5143\u548c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p>A \u985e:255.0.0.0<\/p>\n<p>B \u985e:255.255.0.0<\/p>\n<p>C \u985e:255.255.255.0<\/p>\n<p>1.3. \u7db2\u95dc\u7684\u4f5c\u7528?<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u95dc\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u8def\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u95dc\u5361\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.4. \u516c\u6709\u5730\u5740\u8207\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u7bc4\u570d?<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u6709\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u6709\u4f4d\u5740\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a31\u70ba\u516c\u7db2\u4f4d\u5740,\u900f\u904e\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u53d6\u56e0\u7279\u7db2,\u4ed6\u662f\u5ee3\u57df\u7db2\u8def\u7bc4\u7587\u5167\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u79c1\u6709\u4f4d\u5740\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a31\u70ba\u5c08\u7db2\u4f4d\u5740,\u5c08\u9580\u70ba\u7d44\u7e54\u6a5f\u69cb\u5167\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528,\u4ed6\u662f\u5340\u57df\u7db2\u8def\u7bc4\u7587\u5167\u7684\uff0c\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u5728\u5340\u57df\u7db2\u8def\u662f\u7121\u6cd5 \u5b58\u53d6\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79c1\u6709\u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>A:\u985e 10.0.0.1-10.255.255.254<\/p>\n<p>B:\u985e 172.16.0.1-172.16.255.254<\/p>\n<p>C:\u985e 192.168.0.1-192.168.255.254<\/p>\n<p>1.5 \u67e5\u770b Windows \u4e3b\u6a5f IP \u4f4d\u5740\u7684\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b windows \u4e3b\u6a5f MAC \u4f4d\u5740?<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 windows \u4e2d\u67e5\u770b ip\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u53f3\u9375\u9ede\u9078\u7db2\u8def\u5716\u793a-\u5c6c\u6027-\u8b8a\u66f4\u9069\u914d\u5668\u8a2d\u5b9a-\u96d9\u64ca\u672c\u6a5f\u9023\u7dda-\u9ede\u9078\u300c\u8a73\u7d30\u8cc7\u6599\u300d\u6216<\/p>\n<p>\u958b\u59cb-\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u5b57\u5143-\u57f7\u884c ipconfig<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 linux \u4e2d\u67e5\u770b ip:\u76f4\u63a5\u57f7\u884c ifconfig<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b mac \u4f4d\u5740:\u958b\u59cb-\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u5b57\u5143-\u57f7\u884c ipconfig\/all\u3002<\/p>\n<p>02.\u7db2\u8def\u55ae\u4f4d<\/p>\n<p>2.1. \u96fb\u8166\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u529f\u80fd?<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u529f\u80fd:\u6578\u64da\u901a\u8a0a \u8cc7\u6e90\u5171\u4eab \u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u9760\u6027 \u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7d71\u8655\u7406\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n<p>2.2. \u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u5b58\u5132\u55ae\u4f4d\u7684\u63db\u7b97?<\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u8166\u5132\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f4d\u5143\u548c\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\u8a08\u91cf<\/p>\n<p>8 \u4f4d\u5143<\/p>\n<p>1 \u4f4d\u5143\u7d44<\/p>\n<p>1024 \u4f4d\u5143\u7d44 1KB<\/p>\n<p>1024KB 1MB<\/p>\n<p>1024MB 1GB<\/p>\n<p>1024GB 1TB<\/p>\n<p>03.\u7db2\u8def\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n<p>3.1OSI \u53c3\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u4e03\u5c64\u7531\u4e0b\u81f3\u4e0a\u5206\u5225\u70ba \uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7269\u7406\u5c64-\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u7d50\u5c64-\u7db2\u8def\u5c64-\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64-\u6703\u8a71\u5c64-\u8868\u793a\u5c64-\u61c9\u7528\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c64\u7684\u610f\u7fa9:<\/p>\n<p>\u5be6\u9ad4\u5c64\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb,\u7dad\u8b77,\u65b7\u958b\u5be6\u9ad4\u9023\u63a5,\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4ecb\u9762\u53ca\u5a92\u9ad4,\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u4f4d\u5143\u6d41\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u7d50\u5c64\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u908f\u8f2f\u93c8\u7d50,\u9032\u884c\u786c\u9ad4\u4f4d\u5740\u5c0b\u5740\uff0c\u932f\u8aa4\u6821\u9a57\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u900f\u904e mac \u4f4d\u5740\u5be6\u73fe\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5e40\u5305\u88dd\uff0c\u5e40\u50b3\u8f38\uff0c\u5e40\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u8def\u5c64\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\uff1a\u9032\u884c\u908f\u8f2f\u4f4d\u5740\u5c0b\u5740,\u5be6\u73fe\u4e0d\u540c\u7db2\u8def\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86 ip \u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u70ba\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u8f38\u9078\u64c7\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64\uff1a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u50b3\u8f38\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u5354\u5b9a\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e32\u6d41\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u932f\u8aa4\u6821\u9a57\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8207\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u4e92\u9023\uff0c\u53ef\u9760\u8207\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6703\u8a71\u5c64\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4e2d\u6b62\u6703\u8a71\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u65b7\u9ede\u7e8c\u50b3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u793a\u5c64\uff1a\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u58d3\u7e2e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u5c64\uff1a\u7db2\u8def\u670d\u52d9\u8207\u6700\u7d42\u7528\u6236\u7684\u85c9\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3.2 OSI \u4e03\u5c64\u53c3\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u4e0b\u56db\u5c64\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u55ae\u5143<\/p>\n<p>\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64 \u6bb5 segment<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u5c64 \u5957\u4ef6 packet<\/p>\n<p>\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u7d50\u5c64 \u8a0a\u6846 frame<\/p>\n<p>\u7269\u7406\u5c64 \u4f4d\u5143 bit<\/p>\n<p>3.3 tcp\/ip \u5354\u5b9a\u6709\u54ea\u5e7e\u5c64?\u540d\u5b57\u662f?<\/p>\n<p>tcp\/ip \u5354\u5b9a\u7531\u4e94\u5c64\u6216\u56db\u5c64\u7d44\u6210:<\/p>\n<p>3.3 tcp\/ip \u5354\u5b9a\u6709\u54ea\u5e7e\u5c64?\u540d\u5b57\u662f?<\/p>\n<p>tcp\/ip \u5354\u5b9a\u7531\u4e94\u5c64\u6216\u56db\u5c64\u7d44\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u4ecb\u9762\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>3.4 tcp\/ip \u4e94\u5c64\u5283\u5206<\/p>\n<p>\u7269\u7406\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u8def\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>3.5 \u61c9\u7528\u3001\u50b3\u8f38\u3001\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\u7684\u5354\u5b9a?<\/p>\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u5c64\uff1aHTTP,https,FTP,TFTP,SMTP,POP3,SNMP,DNS,telnet<\/p>\n<p>\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64\uff1aTCP,UDP<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\uff1aICMP,IGMP,IP,ARP,RARP<\/p>\n<p>3.6 TCP\/IP \u4e94\u5c64\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c64\u7684\u8a2d\u5099<\/p>\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u5c64 \u96fb\u8166<\/p>\n<p>\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64 \u9632\u706b\u7246<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u5c64 \u8def\u7531\u5668<\/p>\n<p>\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u8def\u5c64 \u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f<\/p>\n<p>\u7269\u7406\u5c64<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u5361<\/p>\n<p>04.\u7db2\u8def\u7dda<\/p>\n<p>4.1 T568A \u548c T568B \u7684\u9806\u5e8f\uff1f\u54ea\u4e9b\u8ca0\u8cac\u5bc4\u9001,\u54ea\u4e9b\u8ca0\u8cac\u63a5\u6536?<\/p>\n<p>T568A \u7dda\u5e8f:\u767d\u7da0,\u7da0,\u767d\u6a59,\u85cd,\u767d\u85cd,\u6a58,\u767d\u68d5,\u68d5<\/p>\n<p>T568B \u7dda\u5e8f:\u767d\u6a59,\u6a58,\u767d\u7da0,\u85cd,\u767d\u85cd,\u7da0,\u767d\u68d5,\u68d5<\/p>\n<p>1,2 \u767c\u9001,3,6 \u63a5\u6536<\/p>\n<p>4.2 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u53eb\u6a19\u6e96\u7db2\u8def\u7dda?\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53eb\u4ea4\u53c9\u7db2\u8def\u7dda?\u5206\u5225\u5728\u4ec0\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528?<\/p>\n<p>\u6a19\u6e96\u7db2\u8def\u7dda(\u76f4\u9023\u7dda\u6216\u76f4\u901a\u7dda):\u7528\u65bc\u9023\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u8a2d\u5099(A-A,B-B)<\/p>\n<p>\u4ea4\u53c9\u7db2\u8def\u7dda:\u7528\u65bc\u9023\u63a5\u76f8\u540c\u88dd\u7f6e (A-B)<\/p>\n<p>05.\u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f<\/p>\n<p>5.1 MAC \u4f4d\u5740\u9577\u5ea6\u591a\u5c11\u4f4d\u5143?\u591a\u5c11\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44?<\/p>\n<p>mac \u4f4d\u5740\u9577\u5ea6 48 \u4f4d\u5143(6 \u4f4d\u5143\u7d44)\uff0c\u524d 24 \u4f4d\u5143\u4ee3\u8868\u5ee0\u5546\uff0c\u5f8c 24 \u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u7db2\u8def\u5361\u7de8\u865f<\/p>\n<p>5.2 \u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406?<\/p>\n<p>1.\u521d\u59cb\u72c0\u614b<\/p>\n<p>2.\u6839\u64da\u4f86\u6e90 mac \u4f4d\u5740\u5b78\u7fd2<\/p>\n<p>3.\u9664\u4f86\u6e90\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u5916\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u5ee3\u64ad\u672a\u77e5\u8cc7\u6599\u5e40<\/p>\n<p>4.\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u56de\u61c9<\/p>\n<p>5.\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u5be6\u73fe\u55ae\u64ad\u901a\u8a0a(\u8f49\u9001)<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u65b0:\u8001\u5316\u6642\u9593 300 \u79d2\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u5c0d\u61c9\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u7684 mac \u4f4d\u5740\u8b8a\u66f4\u6642\u540c\u6a23\u9032\u884c\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n<p>5.3 \u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7db2\u95dc\u55ce?\u5982\u4f55\u8a2d\u5b9a?\u7d66\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7db2\u95dc\u7684\u76ee\u7684?<\/p>\n<p>\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7db2\u95dc<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5168\u57df\u8a2d\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b:<\/p>\n<p>ip default-gateway \u7db2\u95dc IP \u4f4d\u5740<\/p>\n<p>\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7db2\u95dc\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5be6\u73fe\u4e0d\u540c\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u80fd\u5920\u5c0d\u8a72\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u9060\u7aef\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>06.\u8def\u7531<br \/>\n6.1 \u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u906e\u7f69<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7528\u65bc\u5340\u5206 IP \u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u8207\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d<\/p>\n<p>\u8a08\u7b97\uff1a\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5143\u4ee5\u9023\u7e8c\u7684 1,\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d\u5143\u4ee5\u9023\u7e8c\u7684 0 \u8868\u793a<\/p>\n<p>6.2 \u7db2\u8def ID<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u5143\u7684 IP \u4f4d\u5740\u4e0d\u8b8a,\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d\u5143\u4ee5\u9023\u7e8c\u7684 0 \u8868\u793a<\/p>\n<p>6.3 \u5ee3\u64ad\u4f4d\u5740<\/p>\n<p>IP \u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u5ee3\u64ad\u4f4d\u5740\u8a08\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7db2\u8def\u4f4d\u7684 IP \u4e0d\u8b8a,\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d\u5143\u4ee5\u9023\u7e8c\u7684 1 \u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IP \u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u5ee3\u64ad\u4f4d\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u70ba IP \u4f4d\u5740\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u4f4d\u5740(\u5373\u8a72\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c)<\/p>\n<p>6.4 \u53ef\u7528\u4e3b\u6a5f IP \u500b\u6578\u7684\u8a08\u7b97<\/p>\n<p>2 \u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f4d\u6b21\u65b9-2<\/p>\n<p>6.5 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u8def\u7531?\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406?<\/p>\n<p>\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u8de8\u8d8a\u5f9e\u4f86\u6e90\u4e3b\u6a5f\u5230\u76ee\u6a19\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u7d61\u4f86\u8f49\u9001\u5c01\u5305\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u8def\u7531\u8868\u9078\u64c7\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u8def\u7531\u5668\u90fd\u7dad\u8b77\u4e00\u5f35\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8f49\u767c<\/p>\n<p>\u5c01\u5305\u7684\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u8def\u7531\u8868\u8a18\u9304\u6307\u660e\u4e86\u5230\u9054\u67d0\u500b\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u6216\u4e3b\u6a5f\u61c9\u5f9e\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u54ea\u500b\u5be6\u9ad4\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u767c\u9001\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6b64\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u53ef\u5230\u9054\u8a72\u8def\u5f91\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u4f4d\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p>6.6 \u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u5f62\u6210?<\/p>\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u53d6\u5f97\uff0c\u76f4\u9023\u8def\u7531:\u914d\u7f6e IP \u4f4d\u5740,\u9023\u63a5\u57e0 UP \u72c0\u614b,\u5f62\u6210\u76f4\u9023\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u76f4\u9023\u7db2\u6bb5:\u9700\u8981\u975c\u614b\u8def\u7531\u6216\u52d5\u614b\u8def\u7531,\u5c07\u7db2\u6bb5\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d<\/p>\n<p>6.7 \u975c\u614b\u8def\u7531\u8207\u52d5\u614b\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7279\u6027?\u5217\u8209\u5e7e\u500b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u8def\u7531\u5354\u5b9a?<\/p>\n<p>\u975c\u614b\u8def\u7531\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u624b\u52d5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684,\u662f\u55ae\u5411\u7684,\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5169\u500b\u7db2\u8def\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0a\u9700\u8981\u96d9\u65b9\u5c0d\u6307\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5c31\u6703\u9020\u6210\u6d41\u91cf\u6709\u53bb\u7121\u56de,\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5c0f\u578b\u7db2\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52d5\u614b\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u52d5\u614b\u8def\u7531\u662f\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u8a0a,\u50b3\u905e\u8def\u7531\u8cc7\u8a0a,\u5229\u7528\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8cc7\u8a0a\u66f4\u65b0\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u904e\u7a0b,\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u67d0\u7a2e\u8def\u7531\u5354\u5b9a\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\u3002\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5354\u5b9a\u985e\u578b\u6709:\u8ddd\u96e2\u5411\u91cf\u8def\u7531\u5354\u5b9a(\u5982RIP)\u548c\u9023\u7d50\u72c0\u614b\u8def\u7531\u5354\u5b9a(\u5982 OSPF)\u3002\u8def\u7531\u5354\u5b9a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5728\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u7531\u5668\u901a\u8a0a\u6642\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n<p>6.8 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u6d6e\u52d5\u8def\u7531?\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u9810\u8a2d\u8def\u7531?<\/p>\n<p>\u6d6e\u52d5\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e00\u500b\u7ba1\u7406\u8ddd\u96e2\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u975c\u614b\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7dca\u6025\u89f8\u767c\u7684\u5099\u63f4\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u5728\u4e3b\u8def\u7531\u6709\u6548\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d6e\u52d5\u8def\u7531\u4e0d\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9810\u8a2d\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u9810\u8a2d\u8def\u7531\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u975c\u614b\u8def\u7531,\u675c\u5b87\u672b\u68a2\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u9810\u8a2d\u9598\u9053\u300d\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u9810\u8a2d\u8def\u7531\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u7db2\u8def\u70ba 0.0.0.0\/0.0.0.0 ,\u53ef\u7b26\u5408\u4efb\u4f55\u76ee\u6a19\u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u5f9e\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8def\u7531\u689d\u76ee\u6642\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u9810\u8a2d\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>6.9 \u8a2a\u554f\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8a2a\u554f\u4e0d\u4e86\u8acb\u554f\u5982\u4f55\u6392\u932f?\u5177\u9ad4\u601d\u8def\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b?<\/p>\n<p>\u5169\u53f0\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u53d6\u4e0d\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u7246\u6216\u5169\u53f0\u4e3b\u6a5f\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u6bb5,\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u7db2\u95dc\u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8ddf\u7db2\u95dc\u76f4\u9593\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5920 ping \u901a,dns \u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5920\u6b63\u5e38\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5:<\/p>\n<p>1.\u6aa2\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u7246\u662f\u5426\u95dc\u9589,\u67e5\u770b\u5169\u500b\u4e3b\u6a5f\u662f\u5426\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u8def\u7576\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.ping \u7db2\u95dc\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u901a\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>3.\u7528 dns \u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\u7db2\u57df\u540d\u7a31\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5920\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>07.\u5354\u8b70<\/p>\n<p>7.1 \u50b3\u8f38\u5c64\u7684\u5354\u5b9a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b?\u5206\u5225\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7279\u5fb5?<\/p>\n<p>TCP:\u50b3\u8f38\u63a7\u5236\u5354\u5b9a,\u53ef\u9760\u7684,\u9023\u7dda\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u5354\u5b9a,\u50b3\u8f38\u6548\u7387\u4f4e<\/p>\n<p>UDP:\u7528\u6236\u8cc7\u6599\u5305\u5354\u5b9a \u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684,\u7121\u9023\u7dda\u7684\u670d\u52d9,\u50b3\u8f38\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>7.2 \u7c21\u55ae\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e0b TCP \u9023\u7dda\u8207\u65b7\u958b?<\/p>\n<p>tcp \u900f\u904e\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u9023\u7d50,\u900f\u904e\u56db\u6b21\u65b7\u958b<\/p>\n<p>syn\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u9023\u7dda\u6642\u5c07\u9019\u500b\u503c\u8a2d\u70ba 1<\/p>\n<p>ACK\uff1a\u7576 ACK=1 \u8868\u793a\u78ba\u8a8d,ACK=0 \u8868\u793a\u78ba\u8a8d\u7121\u6548<\/p>\n<p>FIN\uff1aFIN=1 \u8868\u793a\u65b7\u958b\u9023\u7dda\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n<p>7.3 \u8acb\u7c21\u55ae\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e0b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5c64\u5354\u5b9a\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u3001\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5354\u5b9a,\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc\u591a\u5c11?<\/p>\n<p>DNS-TCP \u6216 UDP \u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc 53<\/p>\n<p>HTTP-TCP \u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc 80<\/p>\n<p>HTTPS-TCP \u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc 443<\/p>\n<p>SMTP-TCP \u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc 25<\/p>\n<p>POP3-TCP \u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc 110<\/p>\n<p>TELNET-TCP \u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc 23<\/p>\n<p>FTP-TCP \u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc 21 \u548c 20<\/p>\n<p>TFTP-UDP \u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc 69<\/p>\n<p>08.\u601d\u79d1\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<p>8.1 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f Vlan?Vlan \u7684\u4f5c\u7528?\u9810\u8a2d\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u7684\u4ecb\u9762\u5728\u90a3\u500b Vlan \u4e2d? Vlan \u7684\u7a2e\u985e ?<\/p>\n<p>Vlan:\u865b\u64ec\u5340\u57df\u7db2<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528:\u5ee3\u64ad\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u983b\u5bec\u5229\u7528\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u5ef6\u9072<\/p>\n<p>\u9810\u8a2d\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u4ecb\u9762\u5728 vlan1 \u4e2d\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>vlan \u7684\u7a2e\u985e:\u57fa\u65bc\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u5206\u5272\u7684\u975c\u614b vlan \u548c\u57fa\u65bc mac \u4f4d\u5740\u5283\u5206\u7684\u52d5\u614b vlan<\/p>\n<p>8.2 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f Trunk?Trunk \u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b?<\/p>\n<p>trunk:\u4e2d\u7e7c\u93c8\u8def\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u627f\u8f09\u591a\u500b vlan<\/p>\n<p>trunk \u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.killtest.net\/Aruba-Certified-Professional-Campus-Access\/HPE7-A01.asp\">\u63a5\u5165(Access)<\/a><br \/>\n\u5e79\u9053(Trunk)<\/p>\n<p>\u52d5\u614b\u4f01\u671b(desirable)\u4e3b\u52d5<\/p>\n<p>\u52d5\u614b\u81ea\u52d5(auto ) \u88ab\u52d5<\/p>\n<p>8.3 ISL \u548c 802.1Q \u7684\u7570\u540c<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u540c\u9ede:\u90fd\u662f\u986f\u793a\u4e86 VLAN \u7684\u8a0a\u606f<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u9ede:<\/p>\n<p>IEEE 802.1Q \u662f\u516c\u6709\u7684\u6a19\u8a18\u65b9\u5f0f,ISL \u662f Cisco \u79c1\u6709\u7684<\/p>\n<p>ISL \u63a1\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u6a19\u8a18\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5,802.1Q \u63a1\u7528\u5167\u90e8\u6a19\u8a18\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p>ISL \u6a19\u8a18\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u70ba 30 \u4f4d\u5143\u7d44,802.1Q \u6a19\u8a18\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u70ba 4 \u4f4d\u5143\u7d44<\/p>\n<p>8.4 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f EtherChannel?\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4f5c\u7528?<\/p>\n<p>Eternetchannel(\u4e59\u592a\u7db2\u8def\u901a\u9053)\u529f\u80fd:\u591a\u689d\u7dda\u8def\u8ca0\u8f09\u5e73\u8861,\u983b\u5bec\u63d0\u9ad8,\u7576\u4e00\u689d\u7dda\u8def\u5931\u6548\u6642,\u5176\u4ed6\u7dda\u8def\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u4e1f\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>8.5 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f DHCP?DHCP \u7684\u4f5c\u7528?<\/p>\n<p>DHCP\uff1a\u52d5\u614b\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5354<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7d66\u5ba2\u6236\u6a5f\u81ea\u52d5\u5206\u914d ip \u4f4d\u5740<\/p>\n<p>09.\u4e09\u5c64\u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f<\/p>\n<p>9.1 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u4e09\u5c64\u4ea4\u63db\u5668?\u4e8c\u5c64\u4ea4\u63db\u8207\u4e09\u5c64\u4ea4\u63db\u548c\u8def\u7531\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5dee\u5225?<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u5c64\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\uff1a\u5177\u6709\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\u8def\u7531\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u7a31\u70ba\u4e09\u5c64\u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f<\/p>\n<p>\u5340\u5225:<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u5c64\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\uff1a\u5c6c\u65bc\u8cc7\u6599\u93c8\u7d50\u5c64\u8a2d\u5099,\u6839\u64da MAC 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3514],"class_list":["post-6160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-killtest","tag-hpe7-a01"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6160"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6161,"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6160\/revisions\/6161"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.killtest.hk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}