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\n1.1 \u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5e7f\u64ad\uff08Broadcast\uff09\uff1a\u5e7f\u64ad\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u4f1a\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u3002\u591a\u64ad\uff08Multicast\uff09\uff1a\u591a\u64ad\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u591a\u64ad\u5e27\u53ea\u4f1a\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u90a3\u4e9b\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002
\n1.2 \u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\uff1a\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u5e26\u5bbd\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002
\n2. \u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e7f\u64ad\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406
\n2.1\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\uff0c\u5305\u62ecMAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u7684\u4f5c\u7528MAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\uff1a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u5907\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aMAC<\/a>\u5730\u5740\u8868\u3002\u5f53\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6839\u636eMAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\u5c06\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u63a5\u6536\u8be5\u5e27\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4f1a\u5c06\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8be5\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u3002
\n2.2 \u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\uff1a\u5f53\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\u65f6\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u8f6c\u53d1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e7f\u64ad\u5e27\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u762b\u75ea\u3002\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\u4f1a\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bbe\u5907\u54cd\u5e94\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u65ad\u30023. \u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u64ad\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406
\n3.1 \u591a\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e\u5355\u64ad\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u533a\u522b\u591a\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u591a\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u4e00\u7ec4\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u591a\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f224.0.0.0\u5230239.255.255.255\u3002\u4e0e\u5355\u64ad\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u5355\u64ad\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5e7f\u64ad\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u591a\u64ad\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002
\n3.2 \u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7IGMP\uff08\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cfIGMP\uff1aIGMP\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u8fc7IGMP\u5411\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u62a5\u544a\u5b83\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u52a0\u5165\u6216\u79bb\u5f00\u67d0\u4e2a\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u3002\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4f1a\u6839\u636eIGMP\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u8f6c\u53d1\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u624d\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u3002
\n4. \u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\u529f\u80fd\u6b65\u9aa4\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e
\n1. \u914d\u7f6e\u5e7f\u64ad\u6291\u5236\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762\uff08CLI\uff09\u8fdb\u5165\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u5e7f\u64ad\u6291\u5236\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u8f6c\u53d1\u901f\u7387\u3002
\n2. \u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u64ad\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u542f\u7528IGMP Snooping\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u64ad\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u5982PIM\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u3002
\n3. \u914d\u7f6eVLAN\u548c\u7ec4\u64ad\uff1a\u521b\u5efaVLAN\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8bbe\u5907\u5206\u914d\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684VLAN\u4e2d\u3002\u914d\u7f6eVLAN\u5185\u7684\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u53ea\u5728\u7279\u5b9aVLAN\u5185\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528VLAN\u548c\u7ec4\u64ad\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fdVLAN\u9694\u79bb\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5212\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684VLAN\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u591a\u64ad\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u548cVLAN\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u53ea\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u6d88\u8017\u3002
\n5. \u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\u6848\u4f8b\u80cc\u666f\uff1a\u67d0\u516c\u53f8\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\u7cfb\u7edf\u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u64ad\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u5360\u7528\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002
\n\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a
\n1. \u5206\u6790\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Wireshark\uff09\u5206\u6790\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\u548c\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u3002
\n2. \u914d\u7f6eIGMP Snooping\uff1a\u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\u542f\u7528IGMP Snooping\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u53ea\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u52a0\u5165\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002
\n3. \u521b\u5efa\u4e13\u7528VLAN\uff1a\u4e3a\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\u7cfb\u7edf\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u7528VLAN\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u8bbe\u5907\u5206\u914d\u5230\u8be5VLAN\u4e2d\u3002
\n4. \u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u64ad\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6ePIM\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u3002
\n\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u4ecd\u7136\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6eIGMP\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u91cf\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u8bbe\u5907\u7684IGMP\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u5360\u7528\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6062\u590d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u591a\u64ad\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"