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VXLAN Header\u589e\u52a0VXLAN\u982d\uff088\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b24\u4f4d\u5143\u7684VNI\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9VXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79df\u6236\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u542bVXLAN Flags\uff088\u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u70ba00001000\uff09\u548c\u5169\u500b\u4fdd\u7559\u6b04\u4f4d\uff08\u5206\u5225\u70ba24\u6bd4\u7279\u548c8\u6bd4\u7279\uff09\u3002
UDP Header
VXLAN\u982d\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u4ee5\u592a\u5e40\u4e00\u8d77\u4f5c\u70baUDP\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u5728 UDP\u982d\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc\uff08VXLAN Port\uff09\u56fa\u5b9a\u70ba4789\uff0c\u4f86\u6e90\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u865f\u78bc\uff08UDP Src. Port\uff09\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u4ee5\u592a\u5e40\u900f\u904e\u96dc\u6e4a\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u8a08\u7b97\u5f8c\u7684\u503c\u3002
Outer IP Header\u5c01\u88dd\u5916\u5c64IP\u982d\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f86\u6e90IP\u4f4d\u5740\uff08Outer Src. IP\uff09\u70ba\u4f86\u6e90VM\u6240\u5c6cVTEP\u7684IP\u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u76ee\u7684IP\u4f4d\u5740\uff08Outer Dst. IP\uff09\u70ba\u76ee\u7684VM\u6240\u5c6cVTEP\u7684IP\u4f4d\u5740\u3002
Outer MAC Header
\u5c01\u88dd\u5916\u5c64\u4ee5\u592a\u982d\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f86\u6e90MAC\u4f4d\u5740\uff08Src. MAC Addr.\uff09\u70ba\u4f86\u6e90VM\u6240\u5c6cVTEP\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u76ee\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\uff08Dst. MAC Addr.\uff09\u70ba\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u7684VTEP\u7684\u8def\u5f91\u4e2d\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u8a2d\u5099\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u3002
03VXLAN\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f
\u672c\u7bc0\u5c07\u70ba\u60a8\u4ecb\u7d39VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66f4\u4e86\u89e3VXLAN\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002 3.1 VXLAN\u4e2d\u7684VTEP\u548cVNI
\u5728\u4ecb\u7d39VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u904e\u7a0b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u4f86\u4e86\u89e3VXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u5716\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5169\u53f0\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u900f\u904eVXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u9032\u884c\u901a\u8a0a\u3002\u5728\u5169\u53f0TOR\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u689dVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\uff0cTOR\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u5c07\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8cc7\u6599\u5e40\u52a0\u4ee5\u201c\u5305\u88dd\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u539f\u59cb\u8a0a\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u627f\u8f09\u7db2\u8def\uff08\u4f8b\u5982IP\u7db2\u8def\uff09\u4e0a\u50b3\u8f38\u3002\u7576\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6240\u9023\u63a5\u7684TOR\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u5f8c\uff0c\u96e2\u958bVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u539f\u59cb\u8cc7\u6599\u5e40\u6062\u5fa9\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u8f49\u9001\u7d66\u76ee\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
3.2 \u00a0\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fVXLAN VTEP
VTEP\uff08VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints\uff0cVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7aef\u9ede\uff09\u662fVXLAN\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u662fVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\u548c\u7d42\u9ede\uff0c\u6e90\u670d\u52d9\u5668\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6578\u64da\u5e40\uff0c\u5728VTEP\u4e0a\u88ab\u5c01\u88dd\u6210VXLAN\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5831\u6587\uff0c\u4e26\u5728IP\u7db2\u7d61\u4e2d\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500bVTEP\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e26\u7d93\u904e\u89e3\u5c01\u8f49\u9084\u539f\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5e40\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u8f49\u767c\u7d66\u76ee\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u5668\u3002
3.3 \u00a0\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fVXLAN VNI
VNI\uff08VXLAN Network Identifier\uff0cVXLAN \u7db2\u8def\u8b58\u5225\u78bc\uff09\uff0cVNI\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u985e\u4f3cVLAN ID\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6a19\u8b58\uff0c\u4e00\u500bVNI\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u79df\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e0d\u540cVNI\u7684\u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u9032\u884c\u4e8c\u5c64\u901a\u8a0a\u3002
VNI\u4e5f\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u4e8c\u5c64VNI\u548c\u4e09\u5c64VNI\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e8c\u5c64VNI\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7684VNI\uff0c\u7528\u65bcVXLAN\u5c01\u5305\u540c\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u8f49\u9001\uff1b\u4e09\u5c64VNI\u548cVPN\u5be6\u4f8b\u9032\u884c\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u7528\u65bcVXLAN\u5c01\u5305\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u8f49\u9001\u3002
3.4 \u00a0VXLAN\u7684\u7db2\u95dc
\u548cVLAN\u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540cVNI\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caVXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u548c\u975eVXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u8a0a\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u6eff\u8db3\u9019\u4e9b\u901a\u8a0a\u9700\u6c42\uff0cVXLAN\u5f15\u9032\u4e86VXLAN\u9598\u9053\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 VXLAN\u7db2\u95dc\u5206\u70ba\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u548c\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\uff0cVXLAN\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u7528\u65bc\u7d42\u7aef\u63a5\u5165VXLAN\u7db2\u7d61\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u540c\u4e00VXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u901a\u8a0a\uff1bVXLAN\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u7528\u65bcVXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u901a\u8a0a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b58\u53d6\u5916\u90e8\u7db2\u8def\u3002
\u4f9d\u4e09\u5c64\u9598\u9053\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cVXLAN\u4e09\u5c64\u9598\u9053\u53c8\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u9598\u9053\u5668\u548c\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u9598\u9053\u3002
VXLAN\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7db2\u95dc
\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7db2\u95dc\u662f\u6307\u5c07\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u96c6\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u8a2d\u5099\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5716\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u7d93\u904e\u9019\u500b\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u8f49\u767c\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u90e8\u7f72\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7db2\u95dc\u7684\u512a\u9ede\u548c\u7f3a\u9ede\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u512a\u9ede\uff1a\u5c0d\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u6d41\u91cf\u9032\u884c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u7db2\u95dc\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8f03\u7c21\u55ae\u3002
\u7f3a\u9ede\uff1a
\u8f49\u9001\u8def\u5f91\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u512a\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u4e8c\u5c64\u9598\u9053\u4e0b\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u4e09\u5c64\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e09\u5c64\u9598\u9053\u7e5e\u884c\u8f49\u9001\uff08\u5982\u5716\u4e2d\u85cd\u8272\u865b\u7dda\u6240\u793a\uff09\u3002
ARP\u8868\u9805\u898f\u683c\u74f6\u9838\uff1a\u7531\u65bc\u63a1\u7528\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u8f49\u9001\u7684\u7d42\u7aef\u7684ARP\u8868\u9805\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u4e0a\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u4e0a\u7684ARP\u8868\u9805\u898f\u683c\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u64f4\u5c55\u3002 VXLAN\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7db2\u95dc
\u900f\u904e\u90e8\u7f72\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7db2\u95dc\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7db2\u95dc\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u7f3a\u9ede\u3002 VXLAN\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u9598\u9053\u662f\u6307\u5728\u5178\u578b\u7684\u300cSpine-Leaf\u300d\u7d44\u7db2\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c07Leaf\u7bc0\u9ede\u4f5c\u70baVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7aef\u9edeVTEP\uff0c\u6bcf\u500bLeaf\u7bc0\u9ede\u53ef\u4f5c\u70baVXLAN\u4e09\u5c64\u9598\u9053\uff08\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u662fVXLAN\u4e8c\u5c64\u9598\u9053\uff09\uff0cSpine\u7bc0\u9ede\u4e0d\u611f\u77e5VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u53ea\u4f5c\u70baVXLAN\u5c01\u5305\u7684\u8f49\u9001\u7bc0\u9ede\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u5716\u6240\u793a\uff0cServer1\u548cServer2\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90fd\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u500bLeaf\u7bc0\u9ede\u3002 Server1\u548cServer2\u901a\u8a0a\u6642\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8a72Leaf\u7bc0\u9ede\u4e0a\u8f49\u767c\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904eSpine\u7bc0\u9ede\u3002
\u90e8\u7f72\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7db2\u95dc\u6642\uff1a
Spine\u7bc0\u9ede\uff1a
\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u9ad8\u901fIP\u8f49\u767c\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u662f\u8a2d\u5099\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u8f49\u767c\u80fd\u529b\u3002
Leaf\u7bc0\u9ede\uff1a\u4f5c\u70baVXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u5c64\u9598\u9053\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u8207\u5be6\u9ad4\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6216VM\u5c0d\u63a5\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u89e3\u6c7a\u7d42\u7aef\u79df\u7528\u6236\u63a5\u53d6VXLAN\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002
\u4f5c\u70baVXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u5c64\u9598\u9053\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u9032\u884cVXLAN\u5c01\u5305\u5c01\u88dd\/\u89e3\u5c01\u88dd\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u7d42\u7aef\u79df\u6236\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u90e8\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u540c\u4e00\u500bLeaf\u7bc0\u9ede\u53ef\u4ee5\u505aVXLAN\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505aVXLAN\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u9748\u6d3b\u3002
Leaf\u7bc0\u9ede\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b78\u7fd2\u81ea\u8eab\u9023\u63a5\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684ARP\u8868\u9805\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u50cf\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b78\u7fd2\u6240\u6709\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684ARP\u8868\u9805\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u4e09\u5c64\u7db2\u95dc\u5e36\u4f86\u7684ARP\u8868\u9805\u74f6\u9838\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7db2\u8def\u898f\u6a21\u64f4\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u5f37\u3002 3.5 \u54ea\u4e9bVTEP\u4e4b\u9593\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acbVXLAN\u96a7\u9053
\u300c\u5927\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u8def\u300d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a81\u7834\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u300c\u5927\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u8def\u300d\u4e2dVM\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u300c\u5927\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u8def\u300d\u5167\u7684VTEP\u4e4b\u9593\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acbVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u5716VTEP_1\u9023\u63a5\u7684VM\u3001VTEP_2\u9023\u63a5\u7684VM\u4ee5\u53caVTEP_3\u9023\u63a5\u7684VM\u4e4b\u9593\u9700\u8981\u300c\u5927\u4e8c\u5c64\u300d\u4e92\u901a\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebcVTEP_1\u3001VTEP_2\u548cVTEP_3\u4e4b\u9593\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5169\u5169\u5efa\u7acbVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
3.6 VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u5efa\u7acb
VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7531\u4e00\u5c0dVTEP IP\u4f4d\u5740\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u5275\u5efaVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u5169\u7aefVTEP\u53d6\u5f97\u5c0d\u7aefVTEP IP\u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5c0d\u7aefVTEP IP\u4f4d\u5740\u662f\u4e09\u5c64\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u9054\u7684\uff0cVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u6210\u529f\u3002
VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u5206\u70ba\u975c\u614b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u52d5\u614b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5169\u7a2e\u3002
\u975c\u614b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6c92\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u900f\u904e\u624b\u52d5\u6307\u5b9aVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u4f86\u6e90IP\u70ba\u672c\u7aefVTEP\u7684IP\u3001\u76ee\u7684IP\u70ba\u5c0d\u7aefVTEP\u7684IP\uff0c\u5efa\u7acbVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u3002\u975c\u614b\u65b9\u5f0f\u624b\u52d5\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u5f48\u6027\u8f03\u5dee\uff0c\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u5834\u666f\u3002
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3.7 \u5982\u4f55\u78ba\u5b9a\u5c01\u5305\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u4e00\u500bVXLAN\u96a7\u9053
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dot1q\uff1a\u5c0d\u65bc\u5e36\u6709\u4e00\u5c64VLAN Tag\u7684\u5c01\u5305\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u578b\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u53ea\u63a5\u6536\u8207\u6307\u5b9aVLAN Tag\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u5c01\u5305\uff1b\u5c0d\u65bc\u5177\u6709\u5169\u5c64VLAN Tag\u7684\u5c01\u5305\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u578b\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u53ea\u6703\u63a5\u6536\u5916\u5c64VLAN Tag\u8207\u6307\u5b9aVLAN Tag\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u3002
untag\uff1a\u6b64\u985e\u578b\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u53ea\u63a5\u6536\u4e0d\u5e36VLAN Tag\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u3002
qinq\uff1a\u6b64\u985e\u578b\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u53ea\u63a5\u6536\u5e36\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u5169\u5c64VLAN Tag\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u3002
default\uff1a\u5141\u8a31\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u63a5\u6536\u6240\u6709\u5c01\u5305\uff0c\u4e0d\u5340\u5206\u5c01\u5305\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709VLAN Tag\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u5c0d\u539f\u59cb\u5c01\u5305\u9032\u884cVXLAN\u5c01\u88dd\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u89e3\u5c01\u88ddVXLAN\u5c01\u5305\uff0c\u6b64\u578b\u5225\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703\u5c0d\u539f\u59cb\u5c01\u5305\u9032\u884c\u4efb\u4f55VLAN Tag\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65b0\u589e\u3001\u53d6\u4ee3\u6216\u525d\u96e2\u3002
\u9664\u4e8c\u5c64\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07VLAN\u4f5c\u70ba\u696d\u52d9\u5b58\u53d6\u9ede\u3002\u5c07VLAN\u7d81\u5b9a\u5230\u5ee3\u64ad\u57dfBD\u5f8c\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6b64VLAN\u7684\u4ecb\u9762\u5373\u70baVXLAN\u696d\u52d9\u5b58\u53d6\u9ede\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u4ecb\u9762\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u7531VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u8655\u7406\u3002
\u5c07\u4e8c\u5c64\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u52a0\u5165BD\u73fe\u5728\u518d\u4f86\u56de\u7b54\u300c\u5982\u4f55\u78ba\u5b9a\u5c01\u5305\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u500bBD\u300d\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\u4e86\u3002\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5c07\u4e8c\u5c64\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u52a0\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u7684BD\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6839\u64da\u4e8c\u5c64\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8a2d\u5099\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u5b9a\u5c01\u5305\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u500bBD\u5566\uff01
04\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fVXLAN EVPN\uff1f
EVPN\uff08Ethernet Virtual Private Network\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7528\u65bc\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u8def\u4e92\u806f\u7684VPN\u6280\u8853\u3002 EVPN\u6280\u8853\u63a1\u7528\u985e\u4f3cBGP\/MPLS IP VPN\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u5728BGP\u5354\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684NLRI\uff08Network Layer Reachability Information\uff0c\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\u53ef\u9054\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff09\u5373EVPN NLRI\uff0cEVPN NLRI\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u5e7e\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684BGP EVPN\u8def\u7531\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u8655\u5728\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ad9\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\u7684MAC NLRI\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u5e7e\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684BGP EVPN\u8def\u7531\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u8655\u5728\u4e8c\u5c64\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ad9\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u5b78\u7fd2\u548c\u767c\u5e03\u3002
\u6700\u521d\u7684VXLAN\u65b9\u6848\uff08RFC7348\uff09\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u5b9a\u7fa9\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u624b\u5de5\u914d\u7f6eVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u900f\u904e\u8cc7\u6599\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6cdb\u6d2a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884cVTEP\u767c\u73fe\u548c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff08\u5305\u62ecIP\u4f4d\u5740\u3001MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u3001VNI\u3001\u7db2\u95dcVTEP IP\u4f4d\u5740\uff09\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5be6\u4f5c\u4e0a\u8f03\u70ba\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u6cdb\u6d2a\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u7db2\u8def\u64f4\u5c55\u8d77\u4f86\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728VXLAN\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86EVPN\u4f5c\u70baVXLAN\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u900f\u904eVXLAN EVPN\u8def\u7531\u50b3\u905eVTEP\u4f4d\u5740\u548c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u628a\u539f\u672c\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8cc7\u6599\u5e73\u9762\u7684VTEP\u767c\u73fe\u548c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5b78\u7fd2\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u63a1\u7528EVPN\u4f5c\u70baVXLAN\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762\u5177\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u512a\u52e2\uff1a
\u53ef\u5be6\u73feVTEP\u81ea\u52d5\u767c\u73fe\u3001VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u81ea\u52d5\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u7db2\u8def\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u64f4\u5145\u7684\u96e3\u5ea6\u3002
EVPN\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u767c\u5e03\u4e8c\u5c64MAC\u8cc7\u8a0a\u548c\u4e09\u5c64\u8def\u7531\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002
\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u6cdb\u6d2a\u6d41\u91cf\u3002
4.1 VXLAN EVPN\u7684\u8def\u7531\u985e\u578b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f
\u5728EVPN NLRI\u4e2d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u7a2e\u61c9\u7528\u65bcVXLAN\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762\u7684BGP EVPN\u8def\u7531\u985e\u578b\uff1a
Type2\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u53c8\u7a31MAC\/IP\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bcVTEP\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u544a\u4e3b\u6a5fIP\u3001MAC\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002
Type3\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u5728VTEP\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u544a\u4e8c\u5c64VNI\u3001VTEP IP\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u982d\u7aef\u8907\u88fd\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6307\u5c0e\u5f8c\u7e8cBUM\u5c01\u5305\u7684\u8f49\u9001\u3002
Type5\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u53c8\u7a31IP\u524d\u7db4\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u50b3\u905e\u7db2\u6bb5\u8def\u7531\u3002
4.2 \u4f7f\u7528EVPN\u767c\u5e03VTEP\u8def\u7531
\u5728\u4e3b\u6a5f\u540c\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u4e92\u901a\u5834\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u4e8c\u5c64\u5ee3\u64ad\u57df\uff08BD\uff09\u5167\u4e92\u901a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u8981\u5169\u7aefVTEP\u7684IP\u4f4d\u5740\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u9054\uff0cVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u540c\u5b50\u7db2\u8defVXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u5efa\u7acb\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5169\u7aefVTEP\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acbBGP ENI\u5c0d\u7b49\u9ad4\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c0d\u7b49\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u900f\u904e\u4e92\u52d5\u5f0f\u8a0a\u606f\u985e\u578b32020202\u865f\uff0c\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002
4.3 \u4f7f\u7528EVPN\u767c\u5e03\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8def\u7531
\u5728\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u4e92\u901a\u5834\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8c\u5c64\u5ee3\u64ad\u57df\uff08BD\uff09\u5167\u4e92\u901a\uff0c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u901a\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5c0d\u7aef\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684IP\u8def\u7531\u3002 Type2\u8def\u7531\u651c\u5e3632\u4f4d\u5143\u906e\u7f69\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5fIP\u4f4d\u5740\u8a0a\u606f\uff0cVTEP\u4e4b\u9593\u900f\u904eEVPN Type2\u8def\u7531\u767c\u5e03\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8def\u7531\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u4f7fVTEP\u5b78\u7fd2\u5230\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9032\u884c\u4e09\u5c64\u8f49\u9001\u3002
4.4 \u4f7f\u7528EVPN\u767c\u5e03\u7db2\u6bb5\u8def\u7531
\u7db2\u6bb5\u8def\u7531\u7684\u767c\u5e03\u6d41\u7a0b\u8207\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8def\u7531\u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u5dee\u5225\u5728\u65bc\u7db2\u6bb5\u8def\u7531\u662f\u900f\u904eType5\u8def\u7531\u767c\u5e03\u7684\uff0cType2\u8def\u7531\u53ea\u80fd\u767c\u5e0332\/128\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8def\u7531\u3002 Type5\u8def\u7531\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u4f4832\/128\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5728\u767c\u4f4832\/128\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8def\u7531\u6642\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u8207Type2\u8def\u7531\u985e\u4f3c\u3002
4.5 \u4f7f\u7528EVPN\u5b78\u7fd2MAC\u4f4d\u5740
\u5728VXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u6e1b\u5c11\u7db2\u8def\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u624b\u52d5\u7dad\u8b77\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u548c\u6e1b\u5c11\u6cdb\u6d2a\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u652f\u63f4MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u52d5\u614b\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u4e92\u901a\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u4e09\u5c64\u8f49\u767c\uff0cMAC\u4f4d\u5740\u5b78\u7fd2\u53ea\u5728\u672c\u7aef\u4e3b\u6a5f\u548c\u9598\u9053\u4e4b\u9593\u900f\u904e\u52d5\u614bARP\u5c01\u5305\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u4e0d\u518d\u8a73\u8ff0\u3002\u5728\u540c\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e92\u901a\u5834\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528EVPN\u4f5c\u70baVXLAN\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528EVPN\u4f86\u9032\u884cMAC\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002 Type2\u8def\u7531\u4e0d\u50c5\u651c\u5e36IP\u8def\u7531\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u9084\u651c\u5e36MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528EVPN\u4f86\u9032\u884cMAC\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u900f\u904e\u5728VTEP\u4e4b\u9593\u50b3\u905eType2\u8def\u7531\u8def\u7531\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002
05 VXLAN\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8f49\u9001\u7684\uff1f
\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4e8c\u4e09\u5c64\u8f49\u9001\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u5c64\u8f49\u9001\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7684\u662fMAC\u8868\uff0c\u4e09\u5c64\u8f49\u9001\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7684\u662fFIB\u8868\u3002\u5728VXLAN\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u9053\u7406\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee5\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0fVXLAN\u7db2\u8def\uff08VXLAN\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff09\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u4ecb\u7d39\u540c\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u5167\u3001\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u9593\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u884c\u901a\u8a0a\u7684\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u7406\u89e3VXLAN\u4e2d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002
5.1 \u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0fVXLAN\u4e2d\u540c\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u4e92\u901a\u6d41\u7a0b
\u5982\u4e0b\u5716\u6240\u793a\uff0cVM_A\u3001VM_B\u548cVM_C\u5c6c\u65bc\u540c\u7db2\u6bb5\u3002\u6b64\u6642\uff0cVM_A\u60f3\u8207VM_C\u9032\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u9032\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5c01\u5305\u9032\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u8655\u7406\uff1a
VM_A\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709VM_C\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6703\u50b3\u9001ARP\u5ee3\u64ad\u5c01\u5305\u8acb\u6c42VM_C\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u3002
VTEP_1\u6536\u5230ARP\u8acb\u6c42\u5f8c\uff0c\u5148\u9032\u884cVXLAN\u5c01\u88dd\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07VXLAN\u5c01\u5305\u8907\u88fd\u591a\u4efd\u5206\u5225\u50b3\u9001\u7d66\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5c0d\u7aefVTEP\u3002
\u5c01\u5305\u5230\u9054VTEP_2\u548cVTEP_3\u5f8c\uff0cVTEP\u5c0d\u5c01\u5305\u9032\u884c\u89e3\u5c01\u88dd\uff0c\u5f97\u5230VM_A\u767c\u9001\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8a0a\u606f\u3002 VTEP_2\u548cVTEP_3\u5728\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u4e8c\u5c64\u57df\u5167\u5ee3\u64ad\u3002
\u7576VM_C\u6536\u5230\u8a72\u8acb\u6c42\u5c01\u5305\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u76ee\u7684IP\u8207\u672c\u6a5fIP\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64VM_C\u5c07\u9032\u884cARP\u61c9\u7b54\u3002\u800c\u5176\u4ed6VM\u6536\u5230\u8a72\u8acb\u6c42\u5c01\u5305\u6703\u88ab\u4e1f\u68c4\u3002
\u7d93\u904e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u904e\u7a0b\uff0cVM_A\u548cVM_C\u90fd\u5df2\u5b78\u7fd2\u5230\u4e86\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0cVM_A\u548cVM_C\u5c07\u63a1\u7528\u55ae\u64ad\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u901a\u8a0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
5.2 \u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0fVXLAN\u4e2d\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u4e92\u901a\u6d41\u7a0b
\u8de8\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u5c01\u5305\u8f49\u9001\u9700\u8981\u900f\u904e\u4e09\u5c64\u9598\u9053\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u5716\u6240\u793a\uff0cVM_A\u3001VM_B\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u7db2\u6bb5\u3002 VM_A\u8207VM_B\u9032\u884c\u901a\u8a0a\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u8655\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
VM_A\u5148\u5c07\u8cc7\u6599\u5c01\u5305\u50b3\u9001\u7d66VTEP_1\u3002
VTEP_1\u6536\u5230\u5f8c\u9032\u884cVXLAN\u5c01\u88dd\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07VXLAN\u5c01\u5305\u50b3\u9001\u81f3\u5c0d\u7aefVTEP_3\u3002
VTEP_3\u6536\u5230VXLAN\u5c01\u5305\u5f8c\u9032\u884c\u89e3\u5c01\u88dd\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u76ee\u7684MAC\u662f\u4e09\u5c64\u9598\u9053\u4ecb\u9762BDIF\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740MAC_10\uff0c\u800c\u76ee\u7684IP\u4f4d\u5740\u70baIP_B\uff0810.1.20.1\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u4e09\u5c64\u8f49\u9001\u3002
VTEP_3\u6839\u64da\u8def\u7531\u8868\u67e5\u627e\u5230IP_B\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u51fa\u4ecb\u9762\u70baBDIF 20\uff0cVTEP_3\u5c07\u5c01\u5305\u91cd\u65b0\u9032\u884cVXLAN\u5c01\u88dd\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07VXLAN\u5c01\u5305\u50b3\u9001\u7d66\u5c0d\u7aefVTEP_2\u3002
\u5c01\u5305\u5230\u9054VTEP_2\u5f8c\uff0cVTEP_2\u5c0d\u5c01\u5305\u9032\u884c\u89e3\u5c01\u88dd\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u50b3\u9001\u81f3VM_B\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n